Chiyambi cha GPSR

1.Kodi GPSR ndi chiyani?
GPSR imanena za General Product Safety Regulation yaposachedwa kwambiri yoperekedwa ndi European Commission, lomwe ndi lamulo lofunikira kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo chazinthu pamsika wa EU. Idzayamba kugwira ntchito pa Disembala 13, 2024, ndipo GPSR ilowa m'malo mwa General Product Safety Directive ndi Food Imitation Product Directive.
Kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito: Lamuloli limagwira ntchito pazinthu zonse zomwe si zazakudya zogulitsidwa popanda intaneti komanso pa intaneti.
2.Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa GPSR ndi malamulo akale chitetezo?
GPSR ndi mndandanda wazinthu zofunikira zosinthidwa ndikusintha ku EU General Product Safety Directive (GPSD) yam'mbuyomu. Pankhani ya munthu amene ali ndi udindo, kulembera katundu, zikalata zotsimikizira, ndi njira zoyankhulirana, GPSR yakhazikitsa zatsopano, zomwe zimasiyana kwambiri ndi GPSD.
1) Kuwonjezeka kwa Munthu Woyang'anira Kutsata Zogulitsa

GPSD: ① Wopanga ② Wofalitsa ③ Wolowetsa ④ Woimira Wopanga
GPSR: ① Opanga, ② Otsatsa, ③ Ogawa, ④ Oimira Ovomerezeka, ⑤ Opereka Ntchito, ⑥ Opereka Pamsika Wapaintaneti, ⑦ Mabungwe Kupatula Opanga Omwe Amapanga Zosintha Zazikulu [Zowonjezera Mitundu 3]
2) Kuwonjezera zolemba zamalonda
GPSD: ① Chidziwitso cha wopanga ndi zambiri ② Nambala yolozera katundu kapena nambala ya batch ③ Chenjezo (ngati kuli kotheka)
GPSR: ① Mtundu wa malonda, batch kapena nambala ya seriyo ② Dzina la wopanga, dzina lamalonda lolembetsedwa kapena chizindikiro ③ Adilesi ya positi ndi yamagetsi ya wopanga ④ Chenjezo (ngati kuli kotheka) ⑤ Zaka zoyenera za ana (ngati zilipo) 【 Mitundu iwiri yowonjezeredwa 】
3) Zolemba zambiri zaumboni
GPSD: ① Buku la malangizo ② Lipoti la mayeso
GPSR: ① Zolemba zaukadaulo ② Buku la malangizo ③ Lipoti loyesa 【Zolemba zaukadaulo zidayambitsidwa】
4) Kuwonjezeka kwa njira zoyankhulirana
GPSD: N/A
GPSR: ① Nambala yafoni ② Imelo adilesi ③ Webusaiti ya opanga 【 Njira yolumikizirana yowonjezeredwa, kulumikizana bwino kwabwino 】
Monga chikalata chowongolera chitetezo chazinthu ku European Union, GPSR ikuwonetsa kulimbikitsanso kuwongolera chitetezo chazinthu ku EU. Ndikofunikira kuti ogulitsa awonetsetse kuti zinthu zikutsatiridwa kuti zitsimikizire kugulitsa kwanthawi zonse.
3.Kodi zofunika zofunika GPSR ndi chiyani?
Malinga ndi malamulo a GPSR, ngati wogwiritsa ntchito akugulitsa pa intaneti akutali, ayenera kuwonetsa momveka bwino izi patsamba lawo:
a. Dzina la wopanga, dzina lamalonda lolembetsedwa kapena chizindikiro, komanso adilesi ya positi ndi yamagetsi.
b. Ngati wopanga alibe adilesi ya EU, perekani dzina ndi zidziwitso za munthu yemwe ali ndi udindo wa EU.
c. Chizindikiritso chazinthu (monga chithunzi, mtundu, batchi, kufotokozera, nambala ya seriyo).
d. Chenjezo kapena zambiri zachitetezo.
Chifukwa chake, kuti awonetsetse kuti malonda akugulitsidwa motsatira, ogulitsa oyenerera ayenera kulembetsa munthu yemwe ali ndi udindo ku EU akamayika zinthu zawo pamsika wa EU ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malondawo ali ndi zidziwitso zozindikirika, kuphatikiza izi:
① Munthu Wolembetsa Wodziwika ndi EU
Malinga ndi malamulo a GPSR, malonda aliwonse omwe akhazikitsidwa pamsika wa EU ayenera kukhala ndi wogwiritsa ntchito zachuma yemwe wakhazikitsidwa ku EU yemwe ali ndi udindo wokhudzana ndi chitetezo. Zambiri za munthu yemwe ali ndi udindo ziyenera kuwonetsedwa momveka bwino pazogulitsa kapena kuyika kwake, kapena m'zikalata zotsagana nazo. Onetsetsani kuti zikalata zaukadaulo zitha kuperekedwa kwa mabungwe oyang'anira msika momwe angafunikire, ndipo pakagwa vuto lililonse, ngozi, kapena kukumbukira zinthu kuchokera kwa opanga kunja kwa EU, oyimira ovomerezeka ochokera ku EU azilumikizana ndikudziwitsa akuluakulu oyenerera.
②Onetsetsani kuti malondawo ali ndi chidziwitso chodziwika
Pankhani ya traceability, opanga ali ndi udindo wowonetsetsa kuti malonda awo ali ndi zidziwitso zodziwika, monga batch kapena manambala a seri, kuti ogula aziwona ndikuzizindikira mosavuta. GPSR imafuna oyendetsa zachuma kuti apereke zambiri za malonda ndi kuzindikira ogula kapena ogulitsa awo mkati mwa zaka 10 ndi 6 pambuyo pake, motsatana. Choncho, ogulitsa ayenera kusonkhanitsa ndi kusunga deta yoyenera.

Msika wa EU ukukulirakulira kuwunikiranso kutsata kwazinthu, ndipo nsanja zazikulu za e-commerce pang'onopang'ono zikuyika patsogolo zofunika kwambiri pakutsata kwazinthu. Ogulitsa akuyenera kudzifufuza mwachangu kuti awonetsetse kuti malondawo akukwaniritsa zofunikira. Ngati malondawo apezeka kuti sakutsatiridwa ndi aboma pamsika waku Europe, zitha kupangitsa kuti zinthu zikumbukiridwe, komanso kufunikira kuchotsedwa kwazinthu kuti achite apilo ndikuyambiranso kugulitsa.